Understanding Marsh Rabbit Predators: A Study on Co-Occurrence and Management Strategies

The Lower Keys marsh rabbit (Sylvilagus palustris hefneri) is one of the many endangered endemic species found in the Florida Keys. Habitat loss and fragmentation due to sea-level rise, development, and habitat succession are major threats to this species' survival. In addition to these environmental factors, exotic predators like free-ranging domestic cats (Felis catus) pose a significant threat to marsh rabbits.

To better understand the dynamics between marsh rabbits and their predators, researchers conducted a study in the National Key Deer Refuge, Big Pine Key, Florida. Between 20, camera traps were used to survey marsh rabbits and free-ranging cats at 84 sites across the refuge. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the co-occurrence of these species and highlight the importance of effective predator management.

The researchers found that while marsh rabbits can colonize and persist in areas where cats are present, it is the number of individual cats at a site that has a greater influence on rabbit occupancy and colonization. In fact, the study suggests that the probability of cat site extinction is positively related to a 2-year trapping effort, indicating that predator removal reduces the cat population.

The researchers also discovered that marsh rabbit colonization is negatively associated with relative increases in the number of individual cats at each site between survey years. Additionally, rabbit occurrence is positively related to freshwater habitat and patch size, but negatively related to the number of individual cats detected at each site.

These findings indicate that continued predator management would likely benefit endangered small mammals as they recolonize restored habitats. The study's results suggest that while rabbits can coexist with cats, it is essential to manage the cat population to ensure the survival of marsh rabbits.

Invasive species occupancy and predator–prey dynamics are critical components of effective conservation strategies. By understanding the interactions between marsh rabbits and their predators, researchers can develop targeted management plans to mitigate the impact of exotic predators on endangered species.

Overall, this study highlights the importance of continued research into the co-occurrence of marsh rabbits and their predators. By working together to develop effective predator management strategies, we can help ensure the long-term survival of this critically endangered species.

Marsh rabbit predators